What makes 5G so much faster than 4G?

The answer

5G achieves speeds up to 100 times faster than 4G (peaking at 20 Gbps) by using higher-frequency millimeter-wave spectrum (24–100 GHz), which carries more data but over shorter distances. To compensate, 5G requires many more small cell antennas placed closer together. It also uses massive MIMO (multiple input/multiple output) with up to 256 antennas per tower and beamforming to direct signals precisely to individual devices rather than broadcasting in all directions. The ultra-low latency (as low as 1 millisecond) enables real-time applications like remote surgery and autonomous vehicles.