How do elephants communicate using infrasound?

The answer

Elephants produce infrasonic calls at frequencies as low as 14 Hz, well below the 20 Hz threshold of human hearing. These powerful low-frequency rumbles can travel through the ground for up to 6 miles (10 km), allowing herds separated by vast distances to coordinate movements, warn of danger, and locate potential mates. Elephants detect these seismic signals through vibration-sensitive Pacinian corpuscles in their feet and trunk tips, essentially 'listening' with their bodies. Matriarchs can distinguish the calls of over 100 individual elephants, and family groups use specific call types for greetings, distress, mating readiness, and coordinating departure, forming a complex communication system comparable in sophistication to dolphin vocalizations.